1.1 为了确定用活性杀生物剂处理的多孔制品的杀菌或抑菌性质，用确定的微生物悬浮液接种多孔处理材料(例如纺织品或纸)的样品，然后温育。将处理过的制品上的细菌群体数量的变化与未处理的制品在指定时间内进行比较，或者将它们与处理过的制品在“零时间”的初始细菌群体进行比较，以测量抗菌性能。 1.2 该测试方法用于测量已经用杀生物剂处理以抑制细菌在处理过的材料上的生长的多孔材料的定量抗菌活性。该方法也可用于测量经处理的材料抑制微生物生长的能力。它可以测量杀菌和抑菌活性。 1.3 本试验方法应由在微生物学操作方面经验丰富且熟练的人员以及在适于处理受试微生物的设施中进行。 1.4 该测试方法可能涉及危险材料、操作和设备。 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。======意义和用途====== 5.1 多孔制品(通常是纺织品)通常用抗微生物剂处理，以在使用期间、在储存中或在等待洗涤期间或两者期间减少微生物的生长。此外，添加抗微生物剂以减少或控制多孔制品上的总体微生物生长，其可能影响材料的气味、视觉、化学或物理完整性或两者。 5.2 测量经处理的纺织品的抗微生物行为的抗微生物纺织品测试方法确实存在，但是它们通常是针对一种类型的抗微生物剂的，或者被设计成或可以人为地（在现实生活中不期望）促进一些特定抗微生物剂相对于其他抗微生物剂的释放（参见测试方法 E2180 和 E2149 ).该测试方法被设计为能够测量用于处理多孔制品（包括纺织品）的所有常见抗微生物剂的抗微生物活性，而不会对一种类型的化学或产品优于另一种。 5.3 为了避免在环境中过度使用或滥用抗微生物剂，重要的是了解未经处理的多孔制品是否易受微生物污染和生长。在该测试方法中，将少量营养物添加到每个测试样品中，以促进易感测试样品上的一些微生物生长，但不足以压倒在现实生活中可能有效的潜在抗微生物剂。此外，低水平的营养物允许研究人员添加污染剂，这可能更能反映特定处理产品的最终用途或预期性能。 5.4 在该方法中确定了非常具体的参数，以限制实验室之间可能出现的任何可变性。识别和澄清行业中使用的其他指南或方法中发现的潜在变量将允许实验室之间和实验室内部更好的再现性和重复性。5.5 该测试方法为对多孔抗菌处理制品进行测试提供了基础。应概述模拟经处理制品的预期用途、耐久性和相容性的该方法的修改，以确保准确评估每种特定杀生物剂的抗微生物活性，从而证实制品的最终用途声明。这些典型修改和纺织品当前测试方法的列表可在指南中找到 E2922 . 5.6 该测试方法适用于多孔材料，如纺织品、纸张或类似的多孔材料。其目的是测量此类材料的抗菌性能。在大多数情况下，需要进一步的研究来支持和证实在实践中或作为监管过程的一部分对处理过的材料的性能提出的实际主张。5.7 该测试方法或指示的修改可用于测定抗微生物活性，如中所示 5.6 或可用作标准质量控制程序中的常规生物测定。

1.1 To determine the bactericidal or bacteriostatic properties of porous articles treated with an active biocidal agent, samples of porous treated materials, such as textiles or paper, are inoculated with a defined suspension of microorganisms and then incubated. The changes in numbers of the bacterial populations on the treated article are compared with untreated articles either over designated time or they are compared to the initial bacterial population at “zero time” for the treated article to measure antibacterial properties. 1.2 This test method is used for measuring the quantitative antibacterial activity of porous materials that have been treated with a biocide to inhibit the growth of bacteria on the treated materials. This method may also be used to measure the ability of the treated material to inhibit the growth of a microorganism. It can measure both bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity. 1.3 This test method shall be performed by individuals experienced and adept in microbiological procedures and in facilities suitable for the handling of the microorganisms under test. 1.4 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Porous articles (often textiles) are often treated with antimicrobial agents to reduce the growth of microorganisms during use, in storage, or while waiting to be laundered, or both. Additionally, antimicrobial agents are added to reduce or control the overall microbial growth on porous articles that may affect the material’s odor, visual, chemical or physical integrity, or both. 5.2 Antimicrobial textile test methods that measure the antimicrobial behavior of treated textiles do exist but they are often specific for one type of antimicrobial agent or are designed to or may artificially (not expected in real life) promote the release of some specific antibacterial agents over others (see Test Methods E2180 and E2149 ). This test method is designed to be able to measure the antimicrobial activity from all common antimicrobial agents used to treat porous articles, including textiles, without giving either positive or negative bias to one type of chemistry or product over another. 5.3 In an effort to avoid excessive use or abuse of antimicrobial agents in the environment, it is important to understand if untreated porous articles are susceptible to microbial contamination and growth. In this test method, a small amount of nutrients is added to each test sample in order to promote some microbial growth on susceptible test samples but not enough to overwhelm potential antimicrobial agents that may be effective in real life situations. Furthermore, low levels of nutrients allow investigators to add soiling agents that may be more reflective of a specific treated product’s end use or expected performance. 5.4 Very specific parameters are identified within this method to limit any variability that may be seen between laboratories. Identifying and clarifying potential variables found in other guides or methods used in the industry will allow for better reproducibility and repeatability between and within laboratories. 5.5 This test method provides the foundation for conducting tests on porous antibacterial treated articles. Modifications of this method that simulate intended use, durability and compatibility of the treated article should be outlined to ensure an accurate assessment of antimicrobial activity with each particular biocide that substantiates end use claims made for the article. A list of these typical modifications and current test methods for textiles can be found in Guide E2922 . 5.6 This test method is appropriate for porous materials such as textiles, paper, or similar porous materials. It is intended to measure the antibacterial properties of such materials. In most instances, further studies will be required to support and substantiate actual claims being made for the performance of treated materials in practice or as part of a regulatory process. 5.7 This test method or indicated modifications may be used to determine antimicrobial activity as indicated in 5.6 or may be used as a routine bioassay in standard quality control programs.