1.1 本试验方法包括使用静态密封扩散室测量气体通过塑料薄膜、薄片、薄膜和织物材料的透射率。该测试方法监测穿过薄膜的气体扩散，并提供（ 1 ）膜每一侧的气体浓度和（ 2 ）测试气体和薄膜材料的传质系数（MTC）的估计。MTC代表膜渗透性，并且与测试期间使用的浓度梯度无关，这简化了实验设计的某些方面。 1.2 该测试方法允许装载混合蒸汽并同时测定一种膜对各种气体的渗透性。 1.3 单位- 以SI单位表示的值应被视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.4 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 5.1 该测试方法提供了一种简单的方法，用于在超过四个数量级的渗透性范围内测定薄膜和片材的透射特性。这里描述了这种测试方法，以测量土壤熏蒸中使用的薄膜的渗透性，但如果对分析方法进行适当修改，它也适用于其他气体和薄膜。 5.2 该测试方法可用于单一或混合化合物。该测试方法使用蒸汽形式的少量测试化学品，根据分析方法，微克至毫克量的每种化学品可能产生足够量的蒸汽用于每次测试。 5.3 实验室间测试表明，通过该测试方法估计的MTC对实验室程序相对不敏感。实验室间测试包括测量几种土壤熏蒸剂化合物的MTC和各种薄膜渗透性。基于三次重复测试，具有处理和分析气态熏蒸剂化合物经验的分析师的变异系数（10%至20%）低于经验较少的分析师（20%至50%）。对于渗透性较低的薄膜材料，实验室之间的变异系数高于具有高MTC的薄膜。这归因于实验的额外长度和设备泄漏增加的可能性，并且对于经验较少的分析师来说最为明显。

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the transmission of a gas through plastic membranes, sheeting, films, and fabric materials using a static sealed diffusion chamber. The test method monitors gas diffusion across a film membrane and provides measurements of ( 1 ) gas concentrations on each side of the film membrane and ( 2 ) estimates of the mass transfer coefficient (MTC) for the tested gas and film material. The MTC represents the film permeability and is independent of the concentration gradient used during testing, which simplifies some aspects of the experimental design. 1.2 This test method permits the loading of mixed vapors and simultaneous determination of the permeability of one film to various gases. 1.3 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method provides a simple approach for determining the transmission properties of film membranes and sheeting over a range of permeability exceeding four orders of magnitude. This test method is described here to measure the permeability of films used in soil fumigation, but it is also appropriate for other gases and membranes if the analytical methods are appropriately modified. 5.2 This test method can be used for single or mixed compounds. This test method uses small quantities of test chemicals in vapor form, and microgram to milligram quantities of each chemical may produce a sufficient amount of vapor for each test depending on the analytical methods. 5.3 Interlaboratory testing showed that the MTC estimated by this test method is relatively insensitive to the laboratory procedures. The interlaboratory testing involved measuring the MTC for several soil fumigant compounds and a wide range of film permeability. Analysts with prior experience handling and analyzing gaseous fumigant compounds had lower coefficients of variation (10 % to 20 %) compared to less experienced analysts (20 % to 50 %) based on triplicate tests. The coefficient of variation between laboratories was higher for less permeable film materials than for films with high MTC. This was attributed to the additional length of the experiments and potential for increased leakage from the apparatus and was most pronounced for less experienced analysts.