1.1 本指南涵盖了能力测试计划（PTP）结果的评估和解释。对于能力验证计划参与者，本指南描述了评估参与者相对于PT计划集体结果的结果的程序，以及基于调查结果和见解的评估潜在地改善实验室测试性能的程序。对于负责PT计划中包含的测试方法的委员会，本指南描述了评估行业执行测试方法的能力和潜在识别改进机会的程序。 1.2 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。1.3 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 5.1 本指南可用于评估参与涉及石油和石油产品的能力验证（PT）计划的实验室或实验室组的性能。 5.2 使用本指南中包含的技术积累的数据提供了监控分析测量系统精度和偏差的能力。这些数据对于更新标准测试方法以及指出实验室采取行动的潜在测量系统改进领域非常有用。本指南适用于单个参与实验室和负责的标准制定小组，具体如下: 5.2.1 参与实验室的工具和方法。 行政审查 标记的数据和调查 数据正态性检查 QQ剧情 直方图 偏倚（偏离平均值） 运行和 Z分数，Z ′ -分数趋势 精密度性能-TPI 印度 、F检验 PTP和单个实验室中心精密度的比较 5.2.2 负责任的标准开发小组的工具和方法。 TPI和精度趋势 通过盒须图进行偏差和精密度比较 正态性评价 相对标准偏差 非受控变量 5.3 本指南参考了ASTM石油产品、液体燃料和润滑剂国际能力验证计划PTP 2版。0于2016-2017年实施。包含类似显示结果和统计处理的程序报告可在其他PT程序中获得。 附录X2 总结了本指南中引用的统计工具，以及 附录X3 是本指南中描述的涵盖QQ图、直方图和运行和的示例集合。

1.1 This guide covers the evaluation and interpretation of proficiency test program (PTP) results. For proficiency test program participants, this guide describes procedures for assessing participants’ results relative to the collective PT program results and potentially improving the laboratory’s testing performance based on the assessment of findings and insights. For the committees responsible for the test methods included in PT programs, this guide describes procedures for assessing industry’s ability to perform test methods and for potentially identifying opportunities for improvements. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide can be used to evaluate the performance of a laboratory or group of laboratories participating in a proficiency test (PT) program involving petroleum and petroleum products. 5.2 Data accrued, using the techniques included in this guide, provide the ability to monitor analytical measurement system precision and bias. These data are useful for updating standard test methods, as well as for indicating areas of potential measurement system improvement for action by the laboratory. This guide serves both the individual participating laboratory and the responsible standards development group as follows: 5.2.1 Tools and Approaches for Participating Laboratories. Administrative Reviews Flagged Data and Investigations Data Normality Checks QQ Plots Histograms Bias (Deviation from Mean) Run-Sum Z-Scores, Z ′ -Scores Trends Precision Performance—TPI IND , F-test Comparison of PTP and Individual Laboratory Site Precision 5.2.2 Tools and Approaches for Responsible Standards Development Groups. TPI and precision trends Bias and precision comparisons via box & whisker plots Normality evaluations Relative standard deviations Uncontrolled variables 5.3 Reference is made in this guide to the ASTM International Proficiency Test Program on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants, version PTP 2.0 implemented in 2016–2017. Program reports containing similarly displayed results and statistical treatments may be available in other PT programs. Appendix X2 summarizes the statistical tools referenced in this guide and Appendix X3 is a collection of examples covering QQ plots, histograms, and Run-Sum described in this guide.